difflib是python提供的比较序列(string list)差异的模块。实现了三个类:
1>SequenceMatcher 任意类型序列的比较 (可以比较字符串)
2>Differ 对字符串进行比较
3>HtmlDiff 将比较结果输出为html格式.
SequenceMatcher实例:
import difflib
from pprint import pprint
a = ‘pythonclub.org is wonderful’
b = ‘Pythonclub.org also wonderful’
s = difflib.SequenceMatcher(None, a, b)
print “s.get_matching_blocks():”
pprint(s.get_matching_blocks())
print “s.get_opcodes():”
for tag, i1, i2, j1, j2 in s.get_opcodes():
print ("%7s a[%d:%d] (%s) b[%d:%d] (%s)" % (tag, i1, i2, a[i1:i2], j1, j2, b[j1:j2]))
输出为:
s.get_matching_blocks():
[(1, 1, 14), (16, 17, 1), (17, 19, 10), (27, 29, 0)]
s.get_opcodes():
replace a[0:1] (p) b[0:1] (P)
equal a[1:15] (ythonclub.org ) b[1:15] (ythonclub.org )
replace a[15:16] (i) b[15:17] (al)
equal a[16:17] (s) b[17:18] (s)
insert a[17:17] () b[18:19] (o)
equal a[17:27] ( wonderful) b[19:29] ( wonderful)
SequeceMatcher(None,a,b)创建序列比较对象,将以a作为参考标准进行
Sequecematcher(None,b,a)创建序列比较对象,将以b作为参考标准进行
a,b表示待比较的两个序列,生成序列比较对象后,调用该对象的get_opcodes()方法,将返回一个元组(tag,i1,i2,j1,j2).tag表示序列分片的比较结果.i1,i2表示序列a的索引,j1,j2表示序列b的索引.
get_opcodes()返回元组(tag,i1,i2,j1,j2)的含义
tag值
处理过程
Replace
a[i1,i2]被b[j1,j2]替换
Delete
a[i1,i2]分片被删除,此时j1等会j2
Insert
b[j1.j2]插入到a[i1,i2]位置处,此时的i1等会i2
Equal
a[i1,i2]等于b[j1,j2]
Differ实例:
from difflib import *
s = HtmlDiff.make_file(HtmlDiff(),”start up”,”storT up”)
f=open(r”/root/xukai.html”,”w”)
f.write(s)
f.close
在页面访问xukai.html,效果如下图:
本文转载自:http://xukaizijian.blog.163.com/blog/static/1704331192011115102737835/